Impact, risk and opportunity management
ESRS 2 IRO-1 – Description of the processes to identify and assess material climate-related impacts, risks and opportunities
The Lufthansa Group’s climate-related risks and opportunities have been identified
Within the framework of its climate risk analysis presented below, the Lufthansa Group has identified the following key climate-related risks and opportunities:
Risks:
- Higher operating costs due to an increasing CO2 price within the European and international CO2 trading systems such as the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) and the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)
- Higher operating costs due to rising kerosene prices as a result of upcoming legislation on the use of fuels for aviation
- Lack of availability and high prices for SAF, accompanied by mandatory, continuously rising blending quota from 2025 onwards for flights taking off from European airports
- Price fluctuations for conventional fuels as a result of stricter regulations and market trends to promote a low-carbon economy
In addition, the following climate-related physical risk has been identified:
- Disruptions in operations and consequently higher operating costs as a result of heatwaves
Opportunities:
- Increase and acceleration of the development of new sustainable aircraft technologies
Methodology for the identification and assessment of climate-related risks and opportunities is defined
The Lufthansa Group has evaluated the impacts on its business by means of a qualitative scenario analysis for the identification and assessment of climate-related risks and opportunities. The analysis was carried out both on the basis of its own operations and along the upstream and downstream value chain and took into account physical and transition risks. The climate risk analysis, which was prepared in accordance with the requirements of the CSRD, differs significantly in terms of time horizons from the analysis of climate risks in the financial section of the management report. In the financial reporting, time horizons of up to five years are considered whereas the subsequent climate risk analysis considers time horizons up to 2050. In addition, physical climate risks are not considered in the financial reporting as they do not lead to significant financial effects in the underlying periods. The climate transition risks identified as material are consistent with those considered in the financial reporting. The impacts of the Lufthansa Group on the climate have been assessed and described as part of the double materiality analysis and are detailed here: ↗ ESRS 2 General disclosures – Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model. In addition, the approach to the double materiality analysis is presented under ↗ ESRS 2 General disclosures – Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks and opportunities.
Physical scenario analysis considers two emissions scenarios
In working meetings with internal and external experts, a list of possible climate scenarios was analysed in terms of their suitability for assessing climate impacts on processes, revenue development and assets. Based on the results, two climate scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were selected: one pathway with low emissions (SSP1-2.6, sustainable development scenario) and one pathway with high emissions (SSP5-8.5, fossil-fuelled development scenario). By using these two climate scenarios, the Lufthansa Group seeks to ensure that all relevant physical risks and opportunities are covered in the analysis. In addition, in both scenarios for flight operations, important drivers with regional and/or local impact such as heatwaves, storms, changes in the jet stream, an increase in turbulence and severe thunderstorms were taken into account. At the same time, detailed input data was used to assess climate impacts. Nevertheless, uncertainties remain, particularly in the evaluation of flight routes as detailed data was not available for all route segments.
In the next step, climate-related risks and opportunities that the Lufthansa Group’s value chain could potentially be exposed to were identified. An interdisciplinary team from various central departments (including risk and sustainability management) as well as from several business areas of the Lufthansa Group then collaborated with an external consulting firm to develop a more focused selection of the relevant risks and opportunities to be analysed in greater detail in the qualitative scenario analysis.
In the next step, the value chain was mapped to clearly identify upstream and downstream activities as well as activities that are part of the Lufthansa Group’s own operations. It was assumed that physical climate risks affect the business areas in different ways. The value chain was therefore divided into the business segments Passenger Airlines, Lufthansa Cargo and Lufthansa Technik. In line with the EU Taxonomy, a list of 28 climate risks was evaluated, of which 15 were selected for the scenario analysis. In total, 25 sites were identified for the scenario analysis: 20 local, physical sites, including airports, hubs, supplier and maintenance facilities and five regions that covered important flight routes. In the scenario analysis, data from a climate scenario with low emissions (SSP1-2.6) and from a climate scenario with high emissions (SSP5-8.5) were used to assess the potential changes in physical risks over time, namely for the time horizons 2024, 2030 for a medium-term and 2050 for a long-term view. In addition, exposure assessments for each facility type were assigned at the site level to reflect the exposure of the individual facilities. Finally, the exposure assessments and the normalised climate data were combined to calculate the risk values for each individual hazard and each site. The risk values were categorised on a multi-level scale, which enabled a comparison between different hazards and facility locations to determine relative risk levels.
Transition scenario analysis considers two climate scenarios
The qualitative scenario analysis for transition risks and opportunities aimed to evaluate the performance of the Lufthansa Group’s business strategy under different climate scenarios and to determine the materiality of the identified risks and opportunities. By incorporating various scenarios and risk factors, the Lufthansa Group seeks to strengthen its resilience to climate-related challenges and to identify opportunities for sustainable business development.
For the analysis of transition climate-related risks and opportunities, various scenarios were evaluated for their suitability in working meetings. The “Stated Policies Scenario” and the “Net Zero Scenario 1.5°C” of the International Energy Agency (IEA) were selected. From the perspective of the Lufthansa Group, these scenarios are suitable for identifying and analysing all relevant transition risks and opportunities, particularly in connection with climate policy and technological developments in the energy sector. As with the physical scenario analysis, important drivers for the aviation industry were taken into account in the transition scenario analysis, such as the development of the CO2 price, passenger-kilometres flown, fuel prices and other energy and CO2 intensity indicators.
In the next step, the value chain was mapped to clearly identify upstream and downstream activities as well as activities that are part of the Lufthansa Group’s own operations. Since it was assumed that the risks and opportunities of climate change may affect different business areas in various ways, a distinction was made between the business areas Lufthansa Airlines, Lufthansa Cargo and Lufthansa Technik. In collaboration with various stakeholders of the business, a list of potential transition risks and opportunities was created. The list was then evaluated for its relevance. In total, nine transition risks and opportunities were shortlisted for the scenario analysis. Each risk and each opportunity were evaluated for a separate business area and the risks were weighted accordingly. Finally, the results of the scenario analysis were aggregated at group level and the impacts on the value chain were described. For the evaluation of transition risks, the year 2030 was defined as the short-term, 2040 as the medium-term and 2050 as the long-term time horizon.
ESRS 2 SBM-3 – Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model
Climate resilience analysis has been initiated in order to analyse resistance to climate change
The climate resilience analysis was initiated by the Lufthansa Group in collaboration with an external consulting firm during financial year 2024. The aim was to analyse the resilience of the Lufthansa Group’s strategy, including its business model, to climate change while taking into account the related uncertainties.
The scope of the climate resilience analysis relates to activities that are part of the Lufthansa Group’s own operations as well as upstream and downstream activities in the value chain. It covers passenger and freight air transport, as well as maintenance and repair. All risk-bearing assets and business activities that are used in the Company’s strategic decision-making, investment decisions, and the Lufthansa Group’s ongoing and planned climate change mitigation measures were considered. Furthermore, different sites that are significant for the Lufthansa Group’s operations were identified. These include the Lufthansa Group’s hub airports, production, maintenance, storage and office facilities, as well as facilities involved in the value chain.
The climate scenarios studied and associated analyses were carried out using recognised climate projections (IEA & IPCC) as well as both internal and external data to illustrate possible pathways and outcomes that are tailored to the Lufthansa Group’s operations and value chain. For the Lufthansa Group, the identified risks and opportunities were specifically applied to its operations, infrastructure, and geographical markets to assess vulnerability and exposure. Key stakeholders were included, such as affected sites, employees and suppliers, in order to compile and assess existing measures and resilience strategies. The climate resilience analysis is based on various critical assumptions. It is assumed that demand for air travel will continue to increase in the future, especially in the leisure travel segment, and that the global economy and macroeconomic trends will remain stable. Further assumptions considered include the development of emissions and fuel prices, as well as transport performance and carbon intensity. To further reduce any uncertainties regarding the climate resilience analysis that may still exist, such as whether political actions will have as much impact as assumed, a financial evaluation of the identified qualitative climate risks will be carried out in the next step.
Initial measures to mitigate climate-related physical and transition risks have been implemented
The climate resilience analysis is crucial for managing the growing risks posed by climate change. Among the identified physical climate risks, heatwaves in particular, could represent a challenge for the Lufthansa Group’s business operations. In response to the challenges posed by heatwaves, central strategies have been developed to minimise exposure to adverse conditions while maintaining productivity at affected sites. These strategies include, among others, improved climate control for infrastructure and buildings, prioritising the maintenance of cooling systems, and training employees to prepare them for potential risks and to promote a high level of safety. These measures are currently considered sufficient to address the impacts of heatwaves in the short, medium and long term.
Several key mitigation measures have been identified for the identified transition risks. These risks, resulting from evolving regulatory frameworks and market dynamics, require proactive strategies to achieve the sustainability goals. These include the continuous renewal of the fleet and the optimised use of SAF in order both to benefit from incentives under the emissions trading systems and to meet the Company’s self-imposed sustainability targets, which also improve operational efficiency. The research and development of innovative, more climate-friendly technologies also form part of the measures that the Lufthansa Group is driving forward. For example, Lufthansa Technik initiated the Hydrogen Aviation Lab in 2021, a project funded by the City of Hamburg that focuses on technologies and extensive maintenance and ground processes for future aircraft generations using liquid hydrogen as a primary energy source. The fully functional stationary field laboratory has been in operation since the end of 2024. Based on this research, Lufthansa Technik’s main contribution to this project will be its operational expertise in maintaining and modifying commercial aircraft and gaining insights by testing the real-world operation of these emerging technologies. The Company is also able to incorporate the perspective of airlines to a significant extent thanks to its close relationships with airlines around the world. In this context, the Lufthansa Group also strengthens its interaction with industry associations to develop effective policy proposals that support a sustainable and climate-friendly aviation industry.
Since 1994, the Lufthansa Group has actively supported various national and international atmospheric and climate research projects. This helps scientists better understand atmospheric processes and improve the reliability of climate models. Through this collaboration, the Lufthansa Group can detect potential physical impacts of climate change early and enhance climate resilience. As part of the European research infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System), the Lufthansa Group works with its research partners from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the Jülich Research Centre to equip selected passenger aircraft with measuring instruments that collect data about the condition of the atmosphere on scheduled flights. This data is freely accessible and is used by around 300 organisations worldwide. For the flights conducted by mid-2024, the Lufthansa Group contributed about half of the more than 70,000 measurement flights. In addition, in its research on the non-CO2 effects of aviation, the Lufthansa Group works closely with various scientific partners and system partners, such as in the research projects D-KULT and CICONIA. Both aim to better understand why and when climate-damaging contrails occur and how they can be avoided. During the reporting year, Lufthansa Airlines and Lufthansa Cargo conducted test flights to avoid climate-relevant contrails (D-KULT), while SWISS analysed the non-CO2 effects of various optimised flight schedule variants for individual long-haul flights (CICONIA).
With this bundle of implemented and planned resilience measures to minimise climate transition risks, the Lufthansa Group currently considers itself sufficiently capable of adapting to transition risks in the short-, medium- and long-term and of counteracting evolving regulatory frameworks and market dynamics.
E1-2 – Policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation
At present, the Lufthansa Group is focused on limiting the negative impacts of climate change. Whether climate change adaptation measures are necessary will be shown by the evaluation of the climate risk analysis results.
Four-pillar climate change mitigation strategy addresses four areas for action
Progress in climate change mitigation in the aviation sector can only be made through cooperation and by combining various competencies of different players, such as manufacturers, airports, air traffic control, airlines and policymakers. In 2007, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) defined emission reduction measures in four areas of action as part of the four-pillar climate change mitigation strategy of the aviation industry, to which the Lufthansa Group’s climate change mitigation strategy is aligned:
- technological progress,
- improved infrastructure,
- operational measures and
- market-based measures.
Within the four-pillar strategy, the lever of energy efficiency – particularly in the areas of technological progress and operational measures – as well as the use of renewable energy are also taken into account. These strategies also form the basis for the Lufthansa Group’s conceptual approach and activities to improve fuel efficiency and reduce carbon emissions from aircraft operations.
The strategy applies to all the airlines in the Lufthansa Group. It is communicated to all relevant stakeholders both internally and externally. The monitoring to assess the success of the strategy consists of an annual measurement of GHG emissions compared to the reduction target by comparing the emissions model with the actual performance based on fuel consumption and revenue tonne-kilometres (RTK), the sale of climate change mitigation projects through CO2 credits (offsetting) and the use of SAF. In addition to further climate-relevant effects beyond CO2, an annual report on a per-flight basis regarding climate impacts is legally mandated from 2025. The Executive Board of the Lufthansa Group bears ultimate responsibility for implementing the strategy within the Company.
Ground operations energy strategy focuses on energy efficiency and renewable energy
In the first quarter of 2024, the Lufthansa Group adopted its new energy strategy for ground energy consumption. It is based on four pillars with which the Lufthansa Group will change its approach to energy procurement and energy consumption, comply with current legislation, adjust its energy mix and decarbonise its vehicle fleet in the long term. The main focus is on energy efficiency and renewable energy. In the initial years, the new energy strategy will primarily apply to the sites in Germany.
The interests of the Lufthansa Group’s stakeholders are taken into account through working groups in the definition and implementation of measures. The measures include increased transparency through annual reports and other communication initiatives, the reduction of environmental impacts through the introduction of an EMAS-certified environmental management system and a reduction in energy consumption in the properties. In addition to lower energy consumption, these measures also lead to a saving in GHG
emissions in Scopes 1 and 2. In developing this commitment, the external standards EMAS (environment in general) and ISO 50001 (energy) as well as relevant German and EU-wide regulations are taken into account. A monitoring process was still under development at the end of the reporting year.
Cooperations in collaboration, research and development initiatives expand climate change mitigation efforts
More targeted political support and financial support mechanisms are needed to develop new technologies and speed up the market introduction of SAF if the targets set as part of the Lufthansa Group’s climate change mitigation commitment are to be attained in a sector that is difficult to decarbonise. This is why the Lufthansa Group is involved in a wide range of private and government-funded collaboration, research and development initiatives. Working with the scientific community, it has also funded atmospheric research to contribute to a better understanding of the global climate.
E1-3 – Actions and resources in relation to climate change policies
As part of its four-pillar climate change mitigation strategy, the Lufthansa Group implements a broad range of measures across the four action areas to contribute to advancing climate change mitigation in the aviation industry.
Driving continuous investment in technological advancement
The Lufthansa Group invests continuously in modern, fuel-efficient aircraft and engine technologies, which represent the most important element in reducing carbon emissions from flight operations in the first action area of its climate change mitigation strategy. Measures to technically modify the existing fleet are also examined on an ongoing basis and implemented in cooperation with partners from research and industry. In the past decade, the Lufthansa Group has paid close attention to research into SAF and its testing and use. Since this time, the Lufthansa Group has worked in partnerships to drive key technologies for SAF production. It does this to secure access to the SAF quantities which it requires.
Even though many projects are still far from being ready for large-scale production, there has been a lot of momentum driving research into new, sustainable technologies in the aviation sector and their development for several years now from the perspective of the Lufthansa Group. Established manufacturers such as Airbus and Boeing and many young companies are seeking to bring new ideas and concepts to the aviation market. Alternative fuels, new propulsion systems based on hydrogen and electricity, and new aircraft designs associated with these all play a role in these developments from the perspective of the Lufthansa Group. The Lufthansa Group is monitoring these closely and analysing them on an ongoing basis with respect to their future viability and relevance.
Fleet renewal is the most important lever for reducing CO₂ emissions
Fleet renewal remains the key driver for reducing CO₂ in the short and medium term. The Lufthansa Group fleet was expanded by 18 new aircraft in 2024, including Airbus A320neos, A321neos, A350-900s and Boeing 787-9s, which are powered by modern engines. The A320neo is one of the world’s newest and most environmentally friendly aircraft. A total of four aircraft have been removed from the Group fleet in exchange.
Since 2019, the Lufthansa Group has more than doubled the proportion of its fleet fitted with the latest technology to 22% (158 aircraft). In 2025, the Lufthansa Group expects the delivery of approximately 30 state-of-the-art aircraft, including the Airbus A320neo, A321neo and A350-900 and the Boeing 787-9 models. The order backlog comprises around 240 aircraft featuring the latest technology.
In total, EUR 3,912m was invested in fleet renewal in 2024. This capital expenditure is taxonomy-eligible and is reported under Activity 6.19 Passenger and freight air transport within Environmental Objective 1 – Climate change mitigation. See also ↗ Applicability and disclosures in accordance with EU Taxonomy Regulation (EU) 2020/852 – 6.19 Passenger and Freight Air Transport.
Technical measures for the existing fleet complement the commitment to greater fuel efficiency
Measures to retrofit the existing fleet are also constantly being examined and implemented where appropriate. The AeroSHARK functional surface coating developed by Lufthansa Technik together with BASF is one example of the successful implementation of a technical measure. Their so-called “riblet films”, named after their microscopically small ribs modelled on shark skin, are currently already capable of reducing the air resistance of large commercial aircraft, and thus their kerosene consumption by around 0.8%.
At the end of 2024, the Lufthansa Group fleet had a total of 17 Boeing 777s fitted with AeroSHARK in service, including twelve Boeing 777-300ERs at SWISS and five Boeing 777Fs at Lufthansa Cargo.
Expansion of sustainable aviation fuels to support climate-friendly air travel of the future
The expansion of SAF is a key measure for making air travel more climate-friendly in the future. Global SAF production capacity, and therefore availability, has so far been very limited. Overall global production capacity would only be sufficient for a small fraction of worldwide aviation fuel consumption. In order to continually safeguard its own supply of SAF, the Lufthansa Group follows a three-part strategy: to enable continuous procurement on the spot market, up to USD 250m has been released for the period by the Executive Board of Deutsche Lufthansa AG. The use of SAF also enables compliance with additional technical assessment criteria for economic activity 6.19 Passenger and Freight Air Transport ↗ Applicability and disclosures in accordance with EU Taxonomy Regulation (EU) 2020/852 – 6.19 Passenger and Freight Air Transport.
At the political level, the Lufthansa Group supports a global strategy for the supply of SAF. As well as a competition-neutral approach to blending quotas in Europe, this includes, for instance, defining quantifiable goals and ambitious sustainability criteria for the use of SAF at the level of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The Lufthansa Group has supported this process since 2023 through its membership of the ICAO Fuel Task Group. In the European Union, the Lufthansa Group advocates a simplification of the compliance processes for SAF-related regulation and has put forward widely noted proposals. In the reporting year, the Lufthansa Group joined the Aviation Initiative for Renewable Energy in Germany (aireg), the eFuel Alliance and certification organisation ISCC.
The Lufthansa Group is committed to the harmonisation of European airspace
The fundamental modernisation and harmonisation of technologies, processes and standards are necessary to realise the potential for greater efficiency in the use of the European airspace. Irrespective of the form in which the European Commission’s legislative proposal on the development of the European airspace (Single European Sky, SES2+) is adopted, the Lufthansa Group supports the harmonisation of the EU airspace. The Lufthansa Group and other European airlines, such as those in the Airlines for Europe (A4E) alliance, have the necessary expertise in this area and have been actively promoting the creation of an efficient EU airspace for many years through their participation in committees and projects. Furthermore, the Lufthansa Group tries to encourage as many passengers who travel via its hubs as possible to use intermodal modes of feeder transportation to open up additional potential for further reducing the number of particularly short flights. By offering expanded intermodal services, arriving and departing by train or long-distance bus should become just as natural as using connecting flights.
Efficiency gains through a unified European airspace expected to reduce emissions
The European Commission’s legislative proposal for the further development of the European airspace (SES2+) is intended to help further harmonise and optimise European air traffic management. The technological basis for this is the results of Europe’s SESAR programme. The European Commission’s target of increasing efficiency by up to 10% through shorter flight paths, improved capacity management and fewer delays is to be achieved through the SESAR programme in terms of research and implementation. Capacity-boosting measures in the airspace play a significant role in efficient flight operations and are of vital importance for ensuring a stable flight plan and fewer delays. The Lufthansa Group provided various support measures in this area, including investing in modern communication technologies. Due to the major relevance of the development of the European airspace for the Lufthansa Group, it also continues to participate in the SESAR Deployment Manager (SDM) industry consortium as a member and with the active support of experts. The Lufthansa Group received funding from the European Union for research and development projects and for its active participation in the SDM.
The implementation of these technologies, processes and standards in daily operations is coordinated within the scope of the SDM’s activities. Across Europe, the SDM coordinated 356 projects in 2024. The Lufthansa Group participated in two of these implementation projects and was also actively involved in SESAR research and demonstration projects (SESAR 3) with various airlines in the Lufthansa Group and Lufthansa Systems as an IT provider. The goal is to be able to implement even short-term efficiency gains at pace. In addition to the two projects listed above, during the reporting year SWISS participated in three projects launched in 2023 which relate to optimised flight management and arrival time management in Zurich, as part of the Horizon Europe funding programme.
Operational measures aligned with the Lufthansa Group’s climate change mitigation strategy are in place
The Lufthansa Group’s operational measures for climate change mitigation comprise the more fuel-efficient use of aircraft and the optimisation of load factors, as well as reviewing and introducing new flight procedures and navigation technologies, determining optimal routes and speeds, and developing many activities to save fuel in flight operations management.
These measures and their effects are considered together with technical measures, such as AeroSHARK, and infrastructure measures within the framework of the OPS Sustainability Program. The programme presented below integrates measures from the first three areas of action of the climate change mitigation strategy.
The OPS Sustainability Program is an integral approach for the areas of action of the climate change mitigation strategy
The OPS Sustainability Program integrates measures from the three areas of action (technological progress, improved infrastructure and operational measures) of the Lufthansa Group’s climate change mitigation strategy and is intended to ensure uniform reporting of the emissions reductions achieved. In addition, the programme implements accompanying communication and training measures to foster a culture of efficient resource use.
In the reporting year, 91 fuel-saving projects were under way across the Group. These projects comprise activities relating to performance and procedures, weight reduction, flight route optimisation and technical developments. In addition to the reductions achieved in recent years, they made it possible to permanently avoid another 37 thousand tonnes of carbon emissions. The quantity of kerosene saved amounted to around 12 thousand tonnes – this is equivalent to approximately 142 return flights between Munich and New York with an Airbus A350-900 aircraft.
Emission reductions are to be achieved through process and weight optimisations
Pilots use “Green Procedures” to promote the use of fuel-saving processes in aircraft operations. Equally important is the optimised use of airspace through new, more efficient arrival and departure procedures with satellite-based navigation as well as structural adjustments to airspace boundaries and flight planning. Last but not least, significant weight savings on aircraft are targeted through the use of innovative materials and by reducing the material requirements in service and handling processes.
Market-based represent the fourth pillar of the climate change mitigation strategy
The European Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), the mandatory CORSIA scheme and voluntary offsetting of CO2 play an important role. In addition to voluntary carbon offsets by the Company, the Lufthansa Group is therefore continuously expanding the possibilities for customers to offset carbon emissions. In addition, following the revision of the Emissions Trading Directive from 1 January 2025, data on non-CO2 effects emitted on flights of the Lufthansa Group have been collected. In the first step, the non-CO2 data were recorded and reported per flight without these data being included in the pricing mechanism.
Mandatory carbon offsets
The CORSIA, which was agreed with the ICAO in October 2016, has been offsetting growth-related carbon emissions in international aviation through the purchase of certificates since 2021. CORSIA is designed to compensate for all emissions from the aviation sector that exceed the baseline carbon emissions defined by the ICAO. This is based on the 2019 emissions for the pilot phase (2021 to 2023) and, for the years 2024 to 2035, on 85% of the emissions from 2019.
Trading with market-based climate change mitigation instruments
Under the EU ETS, carbon emissions have been recorded and reduced across industries through certificate trading since 2012. All flights carried out by the Lufthansa Group within the European Economic Area (EEA) are subject to this system. The emissions trading schemes of Switzerland (CH ETS) and the United Kingdom (UK ETS) for flights between the EEA, Switzerland and the United Kingdom impose additional obligations to surrender emissions certificates. The Lufthansa Group is following the revision process of the European Emissions Trading Directive at the political level together with the relevant associations. The project aims to harmonise CORSIA and the EU ETS in order to avoid double regulation.
Carbon emissions from employee business travels are offset
Since 2019, the Lufthansa Group has been voluntarily offsetting the carbon emissions from all of its employees’ business flights globally. In financial year 2024, 84 thousand tonnes of CO2 were offset through the climate protection organisations myclimate, Climate Partner, Squake and Climate Austria.
More sustainable flight offerings being expanded
The Lufthansa Group is expanding its services and offerings for more sustainable flight options. Its Green Fares product is worth highlighting in particular with regard to the reporting year. These fares are offered on intra-European routes and, since December 2024, on intercontinental routes of the Lufthansa Group as well. When choosing this fare, 20% of the flight-related carbon emissions are reduced on European routes and 10% on longhaul flights. The remaining share of the carbon emissions is to be offset through contributions to the Lufthansa Group’s climate change mitigation portfolio. For more information on Green Fares, please see ↗ ESRS S4 Consumers and end-users - Lufthansa Group offers sustainability initiatives and services for its customers.
Ground mobility and ground operations to be carbon neutral by 2045
Climate change mitigation on the ground is also a key position for the Lufthansa Group. The measures implemented in the reporting year focus on reducing energy consumption in buildings and the vehicle fleet.
- Current measures include the continued implementation of the mandatory increase in energy efficiency, the start of implementing an energy management certification in accordance with ISO 50001 (by July 2025) and the beginning of the implementation and collection of the first energy data with a Group-wide energy database.
These measures are intended to achieve an increase in energy efficiency, a higher share of renewable energy and a reduction in Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions attributable to ground-based activities. The time horizon for these measures is long term: for ground mobility by 2030 and for all other measures by 2045. The affected stakeholders are primarily the airlines at the German hubs, although a Group-wide implementation of the measures is planned in the coming years to achieve the defined targets.